Umwamikazi wa nyuma w’u Rwanda, Rosalie Gicanda, yishwe ku wa 20 Mata 1994 mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Mu kwezi kwa Mata 1994, igihe imashini ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yari yatangiye gukora neza, abicanyi nta mbabazi bagiriraga umuntu uwo ari we wese. Nk’uko bisobanurwa n’ijambo jenoside, nta muntu wagombaga kurokoka, yaba arwaye, ashaje, atwite inda nkuru cyangwa ataravuka, yaba umuntu usanzwe cyangwa uwo mu bwami.
Ibyo ni byo byabaye ku wa 20 Mata, ubwo ubwicanyi bwari bumaze gutangira muri Perefegitura ya Butare, aho Umwamikazi wa nyuma w’u Rwanda, Rosalie Gicanda, yari atuye.
Umupfakazi wa King Mutara III Rudahigwa yari afite imyaka 66 ubwo abicanyi boherejwe na Capt Ildephonse Nizeyimana, wari umuyobozi mu ngabo z’u Rwanda icyo gihe, bageraga iwe i Butare, aho yabaga hamwe na nyina wari ugeze mu zabukuru, bakamujyana hamwe n’abana batandatu. Nyina yapfuye nyuma y’iminsi itatu azize kubura imiti.
Ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 20 Mata 2026, abo mu muryango wa Gicanda, inshuti ze, abayobozi ndetse n’abaturage basanzwe bateraniye mu Karere ka Nyanza kugira ngo bamwibuke.
Gicanda, ushyinguye mu Rwibutso rwa Mwima hamwe na King Rudahigwa, yibukwa kubera ubuntu bwe n’ubwicisha bugufi, nk’uko byagarutsweho na Martin Mudenderi, umupadiri Gatolika wari umaze imyaka irenga 30 amuzi.
Mudenderi yibukije mu muhango wo ku nshuro ya 30 wo kwibuka uwo Mwamikazi wabereye ku Ngoro y’i Nyanza muri Mata 2024 ati:
“Rosalie Gicanda yari Umwamikazi wari uzi gukosora abantu mu bwitonzi kandi akabagira inama nziza.”
“Yari Umwamikazi warangwaga no gukiranuka, ubutwari n’ubwicisha bugufi.”
Imyaka myinshi yo guhohoterwa n’uruhare rw’u Bubiligi
Ariko ibyago bya Gicanda ntibyatangiriye muri Mata 1994. Yari amaze imyaka myinshi yihanganira ihohoterwa ryakorwaga n’Ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika ya Mbere n’iya Kabiri, iyobowe na Gregoire Kayibanda na Juvenal Habyarimana.
Mu gihe yari ari kwivuriza mu mujyi wa Nivelle mu Bubiligi muri Gashyantare 1994, Gicanda yasabwe kuva mu Bubiligi nubwo visa ye yari igifite agaciro.
Minisitiri w’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda n’Inshingano Mboneragihugu, Jean Damascene Bizimana, yavuze mu muhango wo kumwibuka muri 2024 ati:
“Mbere y’uko Jenoside itangira, Queen Rosalie Gicanda yari mu Bubiligi ari kwivuza. Visa ye yari igifite agaciro kandi u Bubiligi bwari bufite amakuru ahagije ku myiteguro ya Jenoside.”
Yakomeje agira ati:
“Meya wa Nivelle yandikiye Gicanda ku wa 3 Gashyantare 1994, amumenyesha ko hashingiwe ku cyemezo cya Minisitiri w’Ingabo w’u Bubiligi, yasabwaga, icya mbere, kuva ku butaka bw’u Bubiligi bitarenze ku wa 12 Gashyantare 1994.”
Icya kabiri, Gicanda yasabwe kutajya muri Luxembourg cyangwa mu Buholandi. Icya gatatu, meya yamubwiye ko azakurikiranwa mu mategeko naramuka atubahirije ayo mabwiriza.
Byongeye kandi, Umwamikazi yatewe ubwoba ko ashobora kwirukanwa ku ngufu, mbere y’uko afungwa, aramutse atubahirije ayo mategeko yose.
Nubwo yari agifite intege nke, Gicanda ntiyari afite ubundi buryo uretse gusubira mu Rwanda, aho ivangura rikorerwa Abatutsi, cyane cyane abo mu bwami, ryari rimaze igihe ryiyongera kuva mu 1959, igihe ubwami bwavanwagaho hagakurikiraho ubwicanyi bwatumye ibihumbi n’ibihumbi bahungira hanze y’igihugu.
Itariki ntarengwa yo kuva mu Bubiligi
Ibaruwa yasabaga Gicanda kuva ku butaka bw’u Bubiligi bitarenze ku wa 12 Mata.
Muganga we yagerageje gutabara amenyesha meya wa Nivelle ko Gicanda yari ari ku miti ikomeye kandi ko guhagarika iyo miti mu buryo bw’ako kanya byari kumugiraho ingaruka zikomeye.
Abayobozi b’umujyi basubije bavuga ko Gicanda ashobora kuguma ho igihe gito ariko kitarenze Werurwe 1994. Muganga yasabye ko ibyo byandikwa mu ibaruwa yemeza iyo nyongerwa, ariko ntiyigeze ayihabwa.
Ubwo ku wa 12 Gashyantare hari hafi kugera, Queen Gicanda yavuze ko azava mu Bubiligi nk’uko yari yemeye kubikora.
Yagize ati:
“Ni ubushake bw’Imana. Nzataha njye kureba mama.”
Yongeyeho ko atifuzaga gushyira abamwitagaho mu bibazo.
Bizimana yavuze ati:
“Biragaragara ko u Bubiligi bufite uruhare mu iyicwa rye, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byari bihari by’imyiteguro ya Jenoside.”
Minisitiri yavuze ko raporo yakozwe na Sena y’u Bubiligi mu 1997 ku ruhare rw’u Bubiligi muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, yagaragaje ko hagati ya tariki ya 19 Mutarama na 11 Werurwe 1994, liyetona w’Umubiligi wari mu ngabo za Loni mu Rwanda yanditse amabaruwa 29 agaragaza umugambi wa Leta y’u Rwanda wo gukora Jenoside.
Yakomeje ati:
“Sena y’u Bubiligi yanagaragaje ko ku wa 15 Mutarama 1994, Ambasaderi w’u Bubiligi mu Rwanda, Johan Swinnen, yohereje telegramu kuri Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga amumenyesha imyiteguro ya Jenoside.”
Iyo Sena yanagaragaje ko umukozi w’ubutasi w’Umubiligi yakoze raporo y’impapuro 13 igaragaza umugambi wa Jenoside maze ayishyikiriza abayobozi batandukanye, harimo n’Umwami w’u Bubiligi, ku wa 2 Gashyantare 1994.
Bukeye bwaho, ku wa 3 Gashyantare, nk’uko Bizimana yabivuze, Gicanda yakiriye ibaruwa imuha igihe gito cyo gusubira mu Rwanda.
Yaje kwicwa hamwe n’abana babanaga na we. Mu 2012, Capt Nizeyimana, watanze itegeko ryo kumwica, yahamijwe ibyaha bya Jenoside maze akatirwa imyaka 35 y’igifungo n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda.
